UNIT 2 - Video Creation

This video is about the subject of Immersion and how it's used in modern media.

 

PowerPoint presentation about Ancient Athens

Ancient Athens from CharalamposKapakis

Video Post about ancient Sparta

The birth of Sparta:

The Dorians who headed to the south of the Peloponnese occupied Laconia and established a powerful state centered on Sparta. Later, in an attempt to expand their territory, they came into conflict with the Messenians, whom they finally subdued after long wars (8th-7th century BC). Argos was also a strong opponent of Sparta, with whom it clashed militarily. After these wars life in Sparta changed. Trade with the other regions ceased and relations were limited. Little by little the city of Sparta "closed" itself and took the form of a camp.

Social classes:

In the internal life of the state the Spartans, to whom the land had been divided, had full rights. Their main preoccupations were political matters and the art of war.

The perioiki, that is, those who lived in settlements around Sparta, were engaged in trade. The old inhabitants became slaves (helots) with the obligation to cultivate the land and deliver a part of the production to the owners of the estate. The fear of a slave revolution was ever-present and plagued the Spartans.

State institutions:

The polity of Sparta, according to tradition, was the work of the great legislator Lycurgus. The city had two kings; this fact arose, according to one opinion, as a necessity, from the birth at one time of twin heirs. The kings did not have many responsibilities. They were religious and military leaders. The essential authority in the city was held by the five regents, responsible for the defense and external relations of the state. The senate was a council of 28 people who were over sixty years of age. His main task was to prepare the issues that were submitted for approval to Apella. All the Spartans over the age of thirty took part in this popular assembly.

Youth Education:

The way in which life was organized in Sparta also affected the education of the young. Children from the age of seven were taken over by the city. They all lived together in groups, where they learned to endure the harsh life and hardships. They were taught reading, writing, music and dancing. The girls were also trained in a similar way, who participated freely in many events of the city. They too had to acquire a strong body and develop a moral character. So they could become worthy mothers in the future.

Ancient Egypt

     The ancient Greeks called Egypt "the gift of the Nile" and they were absolutely right. The Nile, which originates almost at the Equator, crosses Egypt for a distance of 1,000 kilometers and turns it into a veritable granary. The Nile is the only route of communication to Egypt. Many ships cross it. Accustomed to navigation, the Egyptians also risked trips on the open sea. They sail to the coast of Palestine, from where they procure timber. But regularly the Nile floods and its waters overwhelm the surrounding areas.

The flora and fauna on the banks of the Nile perfectly cover the needs of the Egyptians. In the river delta they fish and game is plentiful. Papyrus grows there in abundance, which they use to make ships, baskets, ropes and, above all, a kind of paper.

Egypt, from the beginning of the Bronze Age, is a strong unified state, the first in history. Its rulers bear the title of Pharaoh. The country, successively, knows three periods of prosperity, that of the Old Kingdom, the Middle Kingdom and the New Kingdom. During the period of the Old Kingdom (3000-2200 BC) the state is organized. Near the capital Memphis, the pharaohs build gigantic tombs, the pyramids. 

During the Middle Kingdom period (2050-1800 BC) Egypt flourished. To protect themselves from raids, the Egyptians fortify the borders of the country. The capital is moved to Thebes, in Upper Egypt. During the period of the New Kingdom (1600-1100 BC) Egypt follows an imperialist policy and expands towards the South and the East. Near Thebes the pharaohs build their tombs "in the valley of the kings" and build splendid temples, such as Karnak, Luxor and Abu Simbe

The Pharaoh is considered the son of the supreme god of the Egyptians, Osiris. He is absolute sovereign, commands the army and is the highest religious official. Pharaoh uses a multitude of government officials to rule.

Peasants make up nine-tenths of the Egyptian population and do not own the estates they cultivate. They pay the owners of the land (Pharaoh, government officials, priesthood) heavy taxes. Artisans live in cities. They are carpenters, builders, blacksmiths, metalworkers, goldsmiths, woodcarvers and stonemasons. The desert mines are mainly staffed by prisoners of war.